Special loom harness and tension easing mechanism for weaving a tubular bag with a three end leno weave



Aug. 19, 1941.

w. w. ARNOLD, JR 2.253.202 SPECIAL LOOM' HARNESS AND TENSION EASING MECHANISM FOR WEAYING A TUBULAR BAG WITH A THREE END LENO -WEAVE Filed Sept. 14,. 193B 2 Shee tsfSheet 1 NRA ""la"l I INVENTO iI Zllm Patented Aug. 19, 1941 UNITED SPECIAL LOOM HARNESS AND TENSION EASING MECHANISM FOR WEAVING A TUBULAR BAG WITH A THREE END LENO WEAVE William W. Arnjold, Jr., Knoxville, Tenn., assignor to Oallaway Mills, La Grange, Ga., a corporation of Georgia Application September 14, 1938, Serial No. 229,882 11 Claims. (01. ice- 53) This invention relates particularly to special loom harness and tension easing mechanism for weaving a tubular bag with a three end leno weave and has 1 for its object .to simplify and reduce the number of parts heretofore necessary.

Another object is to reduce the number of harness frames required for a tubular weave of the above type. w

A further object is to provide an improved tension easing mechanism for the warp strands which are shifted across the path of the weft filling, 4

For a three end tubular leno it has heretofore been common practice to use ten harness frames operated by a dobby head motion. Under this invention only four frames are required and no dobby head or springs for actuating the frame are necessary.

Referring to the drawings.

Fig. l is an elevation partly in cross section illustrating one embodiment of this invention.

Fig. 2 is an elevation at one end of thedevice of Fig. 1 illustrating an appropriate mechanism for actuating a horizontally shi-ftable doup frame. u

Fig. 3 illustrates the top layer formed by this loom.

r Fig. 4 shows a bottom layer though it will be understood of course the ground strands need no-tbe as widely spaced as is illustrated.

Fig-5 illustrates the vertical and horizontal spacing of the strands in the top and bottom sheds for each pick of the loom.

Fig. 6 is a line representation of the vertical spacing of the warp strands for each .pick of the loom as viewed fromflthe side.

Anyappropriate and usual type of supply means It is provided for the various ground and doup strands which comefrom one .or more reels to the 100m. A and Bare the .doup warp strands of the upper layer while E and F are the doup strandsfor thezlower layer. (The ground warp strand C is for theupper layer .and D is the ground'strand for the lower layer. As shown in Fig. 1 a pair of 'juxtaposedframes H and =|12 carry reed heddles l3 and M respectively, these frames having onlyuaslight horizontalflshifting on the rollers 15 and It. The reed heddles |3 are shown as being relatively short, slightly in-.

clined .andflextending in opposite directions toward one another while the reed heddles: M are much longer, extend in opposite directions andhave a substantial overlap as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.

An eye ll for the ground strands :C and ,D

is mounted on a vertically movable frame IS, the upper ground strand 0 passing from the eye I! over a pulley l9 mounted on a hired axis and then passed through the eye of the reed heddle 20 in the frame 2|.

The lower ground strand D passes from the eye .llaround a pulley 2 2 also mounted on a fixed axis and thence through the eye of the heddle 23 mounted in frame 2|. Each of the four frames is provided with the necessary guide means (not shown) to insure accuracy in movement and alignment. The frames I8 and 2| are arranged to have substantially equal and opposite vertical movements and are connected by means of a flexible strap or band passing over a pulley 25 i The flexible straps or bands 26 and 21 are actuated by ordinary plain weave cams (not shown). Of course the edges of the eye engaged by the ground strands areappropriately rounded to reduce friction and :avoid damaging the strands. l l

The position of theframes shown in Fig. l is for; the first pick of the loom illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6, the shuttle passing between the strands D and E for insertionof a filling H in the lower ply. The numeral I at the right of Fig; 4 indicates the filling which is being inserted when the frames are in the position of Fig. 1. After the weft strand has been inserted with the frames in theposition of Fig.) the frames l3 and 2| are oppositely moved so that the frame 2| is lowered. carrying the ground strands C and D to a new and lower position ready for the shuttle to pass the weft filling through the top layer as shown by the position number 2 in Figs. 5 and 6 and the numeral 2 at the right side of Fig.3.

Fig. 5 shows that the frames H and I2 remain fixed during these first and second numbered picks. On the second pick the weft filling H is placed between the doup strands -A and B and the ground strand C as shown in Figs. 5

and 6. 'For the third. position or movement of the shuttle for inserting the next Weft strand.

in the lower layer the frames l8 and 2| are again raised to the position shown in Fig. 1 and thejframes H and I2 are also oppositely shifted to give about relative movement which crosses the doupstrands as shown by the third position of Fig. 5, A and B, and E and For the fourth position the frames l8 and it are again shifted but not the frames .1 land l2, ready for insertion of the filling in the top layer. For the .fifthposition the frames l3 and 2]] and also the frames II and [2 are again shifted so as to assume their original position illustrated in Fig. 1 and the cycle of operations is repeated. The numerals occurring at the right of Figs. 3 and 4 correspond with the positions similarly numbered in Figs. 5 and 6.

Fig. 2 illustrates one appropriate embodiment for obtaining the relative shifting of the frames l I and I2. The shaft 28 is driven in timed relation to the cam mechanism actuating the frames I8 and 2!. A bell crank lever 29 is rocked about its pivot Zita by the shaft 28 through an appropriate cam eccentric or crank. A link 30 connects the upper portion of lever 29 with a lever 3i pivoted at s2 and carried by suitable support 33 connected to the frame of the loom.

The link 30 is adjustably connected to the levers 29 and 3| for adjustment in amplitude of movement imparted to the lever 3|. A link 34 connects the lever 3| with one of the frames II or 12 while a similar link 35 connects the lever 31 with the other one of the horizontal shiftable frames so that each frame II and I2 is horizontally shifted substantially equally and oppositely to the other frame.

Among the advantages of this invention may be mentioned the reduction in the number of frames necessary from 10 to 4 in obtaining a three end tubular leno. The ground strands passing over the pulleys l9 and 22 have their length as measured between the supply reel and the fabric maintained substantially constant, the pulleys l9 and 22 effecting a balanced easing motion for these ground strands without the necessity of resorting to any complicated tension easing mechanism such as would otherwise be necessary where the length of the strands between the supply and fabric is substantially changed by movement of the heddle frames. The arrangement of the reeds l3 and M in frames H and I2 effects a simple crossing of the doup strands when necessary without resort to any complicated mechanism. The reed heddles in frames I l and 2| are inclined as illustrated so that their eyes may be closer together to thus provide a better shed opening for the shuttle and also permit the use of thick and strong heddle frames.

Epitomized, the ground strand frames l8 and 2| are equally and oppositely shifted between each of the positions shown in Figs. 5 and 6 while the doup strand frames II and 12 are only horizontally shifted a small amount every other one of the positions illustrated in these Figs. 5 and 6.

I claim: 1. In a loom mechanism, a frame for shifting a warp thread across the path of a shuttle, supply means for said warp thread, a second frame spaced from the first between it and said supply means, an eye on said second frame a through which said warp thread is passed, means mechanically connecting said frames for moving them substantially equally and oppositely, an eye on the first frame through which said thread is passed, a pulley located intermediate said frames outside the path of movement of said eyes and around which said thread is passed to maintain the tension substantially uniform on the thread. 2. In a two layer loom mechanism, a frame carrying warp threads for each layer across the path of a shuttle, a second frame spaced from the first on the side thereof remote from said shuttle, means for guiding said warp threads on the second frame, a pair of frames intermediate the first two and shiftable in the general direction of the shuttle movement, and a pulley outside the second pair of frames at each end thereof in the general plane of said warp threads and on a substantially fixed axis, means for moving the first pair of frames substantially equally and oppositely whereby the tension on the said warp threads carried by the first pair of frames and passing around said pulleys tends to be equalized.

3. In a loom for weaving a three end leno, the combination with a pair of frames each carrying a doup warp strand in a different plane from the other, of means for relatively shifting said frames generally parallel to the shuttle movement to cross said strands, a pair of frames arranged one on each side of the first pair, one of them for moving a ground Warp strand across the path of a shuttle, means for moving the frames of the second pair equally and oppositely to each other, the other one of the second pair of frames being provided with a guide means for the ground warp strand, a pulley between the frames of the second pair on a fixed axis adjacent an end of the first pair of frames and around which said ground warp strand is passed for maintaining tension substantially uniformly on said strand.

4. In a loom for weaving a two layer three end leno, a pair of relatively shiftable frames for guiding and crossing doup warp strands in each layer, a third frame for moving a ground warp strand for each layer across the path of movement of a shuttle, and a tension easing device for the ground Warp strands connected to and substantially equally and oppositely moved by said last mentioned frame.

5. In a loom for weaving a two layer three end leno, a pair of relatively shiftable frames for guiding and crossing horizontally doup warp strands in each layer, a third frame for moving a ground warp strand for each layer across the path of movement of a shuttle, and a tension easing device for the ground warp strands moved by said last mentioned frame, said device including a fourth frame, means for moving the same equally and oppositely to the third frame, guiding means for said ground warp strands, a pulley at each end of said doup warp frames around which said ground warp strand is passed to said third frame.

6. In a loom for a three end leno, means for moving a ground warp strand across the path of a shuttle, and means movable only in a direction generally parallel to the path of a shuttle for crossing and uncrossing a pair of doup warp strands, a pulley on a fixed axis adjacent an end of said second mentioned means, guide means for said ground Warp strand, and means for moving said guide means equally and oppositely to said first means, said ground warp strand being directed from said guide means, around said pulley and through said first means.

7. In a loom for a three end tubular leno, only four harness frames, the inner frames each guiding a doup Warp strandfor each shed, the outer frames carrying the ground warp strand for each shed, means for placing a filling in the one shed, means for oppositely moving the ground warp frames, means for placing a filling in the opposite shed, means for again oppositely moving the ground warp frames and relatively shifting the doup warp frames to cross the doup warp strands in each shed, means for again placing filling in V the first shed, means again oppositely moving said ground warp frames, means for placing filling in the opposite shed, the doup frames being shifted every other pick and the ground frames each pick, and tension easing pulleys for the ground warp between said outer frames, the ground warp strands passing around the outside of said tension easing pulleys in travelling from one outer frame to the other.

, 8. In a loom for weaving a three end leno, the combination with a pair of laterally shiftable doup warp guide frames for crossing and uncrossing the doup warp strands, of a pair of equally and oppositely vertically movable ground warp strand guide frames, and a strand take-up and let-out mechanism between said oppositely movable ground warp frames to safeguard said ground warp strand against excessive tension and against getting in the way of the doup warp strands, said take-up and let-out mechanism being located outside said ground warp strand guide frames.

9. In a loom for weaving three .end leno, the combination with means for guiding and crossing doup warp strands while holding them in substantially fixed elevation with respect to a shuttle, of means for raising and lowering a ground warp strand with respect to the shuttle,

means for supplying a ground warp strand to said raising and lowering means, and means for maintaining the length of ground warp substantially constant between said supply means and said raising and lowering means, said last mentioned means including a pair of equally and oppositely shiftable frames with a pulley therebetween and around which said ground strand passes.

10. In a loom for weaving a two layer three end leno, a pair of doup heddle frames, means for shifting said frames relatively and in the general direction of shuttle travel, one of said frames having short reed heddles extending toward each other, the other frame having much longer reed heddles extending in opposite directions and overlapping but with the heddle eyes in the second frame spaced from the heddle eyes in the first frame in a direction normal to the relative travel of said frames, a ground heddle frame having oppositely directed reed heddles which do not overlap but are substantially longer than the reed heddles in the first mentioned frame, means for moving said ground heddle frame in a direction at substantially a right angle to the travel of a shuttle, another frame movable equally and oppositely to the ground heddle frame, carrying an eye through which the ground strand for each layer is passed, and located on the opposite side of the first mentioned pair of frames from the ground heddle frames, a pair of pulleys each on a substantially fixed axis located between said ground frames and with the doup frames between said pulleys.

11. In a loom for weaving a two layer three end leno, a pair of relatively shiftable frames for guiding and crossing doup warp strands in each layer, a third frame for moving a ground warp strand for each layer across the path of movement of a shuttle, and a tension easing device for the ground warp strands moved by said last mentioned frame and non-yieldably connected thereto.

WILLIAM W. ARNOLD, JR. 

